AP Euro Unit 3: Absolutism & Constitutionalism (Chapter 5)
Portwood's Textbook Hand-Written Notes
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Unit 3: AP European History Topics
3.1 Contextualizing State Building
3.2 English Civil War and the Glorious Revolution
3.3 Changes & Continuity to Econ Practice & Devel.
3.4 Economic Development & Mercantilism
3.5 The Dutch Golden Age
3.6 Balance of Power
3.8 Comparison in the Age of Absolutism & Const.
Art of Unit 3... is review!
Baroque (1600–1750)
Absolutism → Baroque architecture/royal patronage
Constitutionalism → Dutch Golden Age art
Don't go deep here, I will discuss the use of dramatic lighting (chiaroscuro)...and move on
Baroque (1600–1750)
Analysis Caravaggio's Calling of Saint Matthew
Dramatic use of light and shadow (tenebrism): Caravaggio practically invents the high-contrast lighting style that becomes a Baroque hallmark.
Realistic figures: These aren’t idealized saints—they look like everyday people in contemporary clothing.
Theatrical moment: Christ’s sudden, silent gesture interrupts a mundane scene, injecting spiritual meaning into a gritty setting.
Emotional intensity and immediacy: You feel the tension and surprise in the moment.
Dynamic composition: The diagonals, gestures, and light direction create a powerful sense of movement and focus.
Unit 3: AP European History Agenda
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